Linux commands in Nut Shell

Where is xclock installed on Soalris ?

/usr/X/bin/xclock

How to enable FTP on Solaris 10?
inetadm -e ftp
svcadm enable ftp

How to use Back space in AIX?
Shift + Backspace


Find and replace all in file in VI editor ?
  ESC : %s/first/second/g


How to send broad cast message to all current users of the machine?

wall hi

How to start FTP on LINUX?
Edit the file /etc/xinetd.d/wu-ftpd
changing the two lines to:
default: on
disabled = no
then run the command
etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart
on RH linux AS4
# /etc/init.d/vsftpd start
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]
how to give ftp for root
Configure FTP for root logins
Edit the files /etc/vsftpd.ftpusers and /etc/vsftpd.user_list and remove the 'root' line from each file.

How to enable telnet?
Edit the file /etc/xinetd.d/telnetd

changing the two lines to:

# default: on

disabled = no

then try doing this

/etc/rc.d/init.d/xinetd restart

cat /etc/passwd

vi /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers

vi /etc/vsftpd/user_list

vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

service vsftpd reload


How to set current working directory at your prompt?

PS1='\w $'

How to see patch level of the OS (solaris) ?

showrev -a

showrev -a | tee /opt/kbabu/a.txt


How to use SCP? (Secure Copy)

scp user@hsot1 a.txt user@host2:/osdb/jkdj/


How to made HP-UX easy?

exec stty erase "^H" kill "^U" intr "^C" eof "^D" susp "^Z"


How to empty or clear the contents of an existing UNIX file ?
The special file /dev/null can and does contain nothing. While most often used as a sink of nothingness, for example writing output to it that you don’t want to keep, it can be used as a source of nothingness, too. To replace the contents of the file XYZ.txt with nothing, you can use the command
cat /dev/null > XYZ.txt
This command makes sense as it is using standard UNIX redirection to place the contents of one file (a known empty one) to another file. Another way to do this, although a less obvious way and probably less readable in a shell script by others, is
> XYZ.txt
How to see common entries in two files?

sort file1 file2 | uniq –d

How to set time in Unix ?

• date -s "2 OCT 2006 18:00:00"
• date set="2 OCT 2006 18:00:00"
•  date +%T -s "10:13:13"

 Use %p locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM, enter:

• # date +%T%p -s "6:10:30AM"
• # date +%T%p -s "12:10:30PM"

To sync the clock with hardware

• # hwclock –show
• # hwclock –systohc

How to install a package in Linux using RPM ? How do u uninstall ? how do u see the installed packages ?
rpm –ivh
rpm -Uvh IBMJava2-142-ia32-SDK-1.4.2-12.0.i386.rpm
nc041030:/opt/tivoli/ep/_uninst # rpm -qa | grep TIV
TIVguid-1.3.0-0
rpm -evv TIVguid-1.3.0-0

How to install GCC on Linux ?
   1. wget ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-3.4.6/gcc-3.4.6.tar.bz2
Some how download the gcc-3.4.6.tar.bz2 or latest gcc for ur linux and place it in ur working directory.
   2. tar -jxf gcc-3.4.6.tar.bz2
   3. cd gcc-3.4.6
   4. ./configure
   5. make
   6. make install

How to mount files in Solaris 10?

mount -F nfs -o vers=3 172.22.21.2:/StarTeam /StarTeam

-----------

Mount –F/t nfs 172.22.21.2:/StarTeam /StarTeam

Sol: vi /etc/vfstab

172.22.21.2:/StarTeam - /StarTeam nfs - yes rw,hard

Li: vi /etc/fstab

172.22.21.2:/StarTeam - /StarTeam nfs - yes rw,hard




How to see IP from a host name or Host name from IP?

/usr/sbin/nslookup mercury

Server: 9.20.136.11

Address: 9.20.136.11#53




Name: mercury.hursley.ibm.com

Address: 9.180.210.217

Installing top?
pkgadd -d top-3.6.1-sol10-sparc-local

How to create NFS Sharing?
To be able to share a remote filesystem you have to share the remote filesystem.

To share the remote filesystem you need to modify
the /etc/dfs/dfstab file with
share -F nfs -o rw /filesystem
also modify the /etc/dfs/sharetab with
/filesystem nfs rw
then issue
shareall
make sure nfs daemon are running of the server
you could check by isseing
ps -ef | grep nfs
if it is not running you could start nfsd by issuing /etc/init.d/nfs.server start
on the client side, that is the side with no disk space
you need to mount the remote filesystem you could do this by issuing
mount (remote server):/usr/local /mount_point
Note:
/filesystem will be the filesytem you intend to share eg / /usr/local, /var, /export/home
so if you intend to share /usr/local your /etc/dfs/dfstab will look like
share -F nfs -o rw /usr/local
and /etc/dfs/sharetab will look like
/usr/local - nfs rw

How to add route between machines ?
To discover the Southbank Test Network you may need to add suitable routes:
A discovery from Hursley requires a route to 172.20.0.0/16 and 172.21.0.0/16 via 9.180.210.193
Note on Routing table on devtest22
A discovery from Southbank requires a route to 172.20.0.0/16 and 172.21.0.0/16 via 9.196.131.10
IP Route command examples would be:
Linux:
ip route add 172.20.0.0/16 via 9.196.131.10
Solaris:
route add 172.20.0.0/16 9.196.131.10
Windows:
route add 172.20.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 9.196.131.10
netstat -r
route add 10.100.20.1/24 172.22.23.43
add all the agetns of range 1-24 to the gateway with the server 43
route add 10.100.20.1 172.22.23.43

How to zip a folder in UNIX using tar ?
tar -cvf netcool.tar netcool/
gzip netcool.tar
or
tar -cvzf filename.tar.gz folder-name

How to run gunzip and tar at a time ?
gunzip -c C1H53EN.tar.gz | tar xf -
tar -xvfz file.tar.gz

How to get PID of a used port ?
AIX : for i in `ps -e|awk '{print $1}'`;do echo "UR PID :$i" ;procfiles $i |grep 1521;done
Solaris :
for i in `ps -e|awk '{print $1}'`;do echo "UR PID :$i" ;pfiles $i |grep ;done
ex :
for i in `ps -e|awk '{print $1}'`;do echo "UR PID :$i" ;pfiles $i |grep 1521;done

Solaris 2.9 AIX 5.2
pflags [-r] [pid | core] procflags [-r] [pid]
pcred [pid | core] proccred [pid]
pmap [-rxIF] [pid | core] procmap [-F] [pid]
pldd [-F] [pid | core] procldd [-F] [pid]
pstack [-F] [pid | core] procstack [-F] [pid]
pfiles [-F] [pid] procfiles [-nF] [pid]
ptime command [argument] Not available

How to see the folder occupied space on the disk ?
du -sh /opt/kbabu

How to know the last rebooted time of a solaris server ?
bash-2.05$ uptime
7:18am up 47 day(s), 23:50, 4 users, load average: 0.36, 0.56, 0.35

What is UMASK ?
UMASK is a Unix environment variable which automatically sets file permissions on newly created files.
The UMASK variable can be confusing to use, because it does work as a mask. In other words, you set the permissions that you do not want in the UMASK.
To calculate permissions which will result from specific UMASK values, subtract the UMASK from 666 for files and from 777 for directories.
If you want all files created with permissions of 666, set your UMASK to 000. Alternatively, if you want all files created with permissions of 000, set your UMASK to 666.
A reasonable value for UMASK is 022, which will cause files to be created with permissions of 644 (rw-r--r--) and directories to be created with permissions of 755 (rwxr-xr-x).
A more secure value for UMASK is 066, which will cause files to be created with permissions of 600 (rw-------) and directories to be created with permissions of 700 (rwx------).
UMASK is nomally defined in the .profile or .login user startup files.
usage :
bash-2.05$ umask
022
bash-2.05$ umask 077

How to extract cpio file in UNIX ?
cpio -idmv <>

IPV6
How to check the whether IPV6 is configured on Linux machine or not ?

[ -f /proc/net/if_inet6 ] && echo 'IPv6 ready system!' || echo 'No IPv6'

simply if we see "/sbin/ipconfig -a" output we will see some thing related IPV6 which itself confirms the IPV6 configuration

How to put process running on foreground to background and viceversa?

You have a process running on Unix terminal as follows ..
bash$./launchpad
to put it in back ground
hold ctrl+ z
It will be stopped and kept in stopped jobs
If u see jobs u can see that in stopped jobs list say
to bring it back to foreground
command : fg %1
assuming in the jobs list our job no is 1.